Une approche territorialisée du système alimentaire:
Le cas de la grande région de Québec
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15353/cfs-rcea.v8i1.453Keywords:
Quebec, food system, collaborative researchAbstract
De 2016 à 2019, une recherche collaborative impliquant des universitaires et des organisations partenaires a permis de caractériser le système alimentaire de la région de Québec. Cet article propose une analyse qui rend compte de la complexité de ce dernier. L’étude repose sur une approche territorialisée du système alimentaire. Celle-ci s’intéresse à toutes les modalités de production et d’échange qui contribuent à nourrir les habitantes et les habitants d’une région, qu’elles s’inscrivent dans des logiques marchandes ou non marchandes. Les résultats présentés révèlent qu’un grand nombre d’acteurs aux logiques divergentes interviennent, à différentes échelles territoriales, au sein d’un système alimentaire régional comme celui de Québec. Néanmoins, leurs activités s’inscrivent dans des circuits qui s’entrecroisent. L’approche déployée permet d’éviter les classements à grands traits entre système « conventionnel » et « alternatif » et facilite la reconnaissance de différentes logiques d’action ainsi que des contraintes structurelles et des rapports de pouvoir au sein desquels opèrent les acteurs. Au final, le recours à une approche territorialisée du système alimentaire, de même que la prise en compte des activités marchandes et non marchandes qui en sont constitutives, a permis d’analyser et de rendre certaines réalités régionales plus visibles et plus intelligibles pour les partenaires du projet.
From 2016 to 2019, collaborative research involving academics and partner organizations made it possible to characterize the food system in the Quebec City region while acknowledging its complexity. The study is based on a territorialized approach, taking into account as it does all the modalities of production and exchange that help feed the inhabitants of a region, whether these modalities fall within the realms of market or non-market economies. The results show that a large number of actors with divergent initiatives intervene, at different territorial scales, within a regional food system like that of Quebec. Nonetheless, these initiatives intersect. Seeking to avoid such broad classifications as "conventional" and "alternative" systems, the approach deployed in this article facilitates the recognition of different courses of action as well as those structural constraints and power relations within which the actors operate. In the end, the use of a territorialized approach to the food system, as well as a taking into account of the market and non-market activities that constitute it, have made certain regional realities more visible and more intelligible to the project partners.
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Copyright (c) 2021 Manon Boulianne, Carole Després, Patrick Mundler, Geneviève Parent, Véronique Provencher
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